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@inbook{DAS2019, author = {Das, Supradip and Rijas, M. and Das, Amarendra}, year = {2019}, month = {01}, pages = {745-755}, title = {DOT: Design of a Space-Saving Furniture with Prototype-Driven Innovation Approach: Proceedings of ICoRD 2019 Volume 1}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-981-13-5974-3_65}, isbn = {978-981-13-5973-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-981-13-5974-3_65}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{WANG2013, series={Undergraduate Research}, title={An analysis of transformable space saving furniture}, url={https://open.library.ubc.ca/collections/undergraduateresearch/52966/items/1.0103142}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.14288/1.0103142}, author={Wang, Shiyao}, year={2013}, month={Apr}, collection={Undergraduate Research}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{ANSARI2018, author = {Ansari, Samira and Nikpay, Ahmad and Varmazyar, Sakineh}, year = {2018}, month = {10}, pages = {e60531}, title = {Design and Development of an Ergonomic Chair for Students in Educational Settings}, url = {https://sites.kowsarpub.com/healthscope/articles/60531.html}, volume = {7}, issue = {4}, doi = {10.5812/jhealthscope.60531}, journal = {Health Scope}, doi = {10.5812/jhealthscope.60531}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{POOJA2019, author = {Pooja Khanna Tyagi}, title = {What is ergonomic furniture?}, year = 2019, url = {https://www.houzz.in/magazine/what-is-ergonomic-furniture-stsetivw-vs~119065047}, urldate = {2021-03-18}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{GUILLAUME2015, author = {Guillaume Bouvet}, title = {AZ Desk}, year = 2015, url = {https://www.guillaumebouvet.com/projects/az-desk}, urldate = {2021-03-16}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{PHILIPPSUSSMANN2015, author = {Philipp Sussmann}, title = {IKEA Hacka}, year = {2015}, url = {https://www.sussmann-studio.com/ikeahacka}, urldate = {2021-03-19}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{JACKARCHER2021, author = {Jack Archer}, title = {Finally, an affordable sit-to-stand adjustable desk}, year = 2021, url = {https://airows.com/interiors-and-home/most-affordable-sit-to-stand-adjustable-desk}, urldate = {2021-03-24}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{LAURENRO2017, author = {Lauren Ro}, title = {New wooden standing desk is Scandinavian-inspired and totally cute}, year = 2017, url = {https://archive.curbed.com/2017/1/17/14300000/jaswig-standup-nomad-standing-desk-wood-scandinavian}, urldate = {2021-03-24}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{JENNYBREWER2013, author = {Jenny Brewer}, title = {Modular desk by Francois Dransart}, year = 2013, url = {https://www.onofficemagazine.com/design/modular-desk-by-francois-dransart}, urldate = {2021-03-24}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{CAROLINEWILLIAMSON2012, author = {Caroline Williamson}, title = {Energy-Producing Workspace by Eddi Törnberg}, year = 2012, url = {https://design-milk.com/energy-producing-workspace-by-eddi-tornberg/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_campaign=Feed:+design-milk+(Design+Milk)}, urldate = {2021-03-24}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{MATTHEWMOORE2020, author = {Matthew Moore}, title = {The Sit-Stand Desk by Mateo}, year = 2020, url = {https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/the-sit-stand-desk-by-mateo#/}, urldate = {2021-03-24}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{IKEA2016, author = {Ikea}, title = {Bekant desk}, year = 2016, url = {https://www.ikea.com/nl/nl/p/bekant-bureau-zit-sta-wit-s69022537/}, urldate = {2021-03-25}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{YAASA2020, author = {Yaasa}, title = {Yaasa desk}, year = 2020, url = {https://shop.yaasa.eu/yaasa/desk-basic-135-70}, urldate = {2021-03-25}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{VIVO2020, author = {Vivo}, title = {Desk-kit-2E1B}, year = 2020, url = {https://vivo-us.com/collections/standing-desks/products/desk-kit-2e1b}, urldate = {2021-03-25}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{ALLCAM2020, author = {Allcam}, title = {Allcam Desk–Ergonomic Height-adjustable Sit-stand Workstation for Home Working}, year = 2020, url = {https://www.allcam.biz/shop/allcam-desk-ergonomic-height-adjustable-sit-stand-workstation-for-home-working/}, urldate = {2021-03-26}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{PANAGIOTOPOULOU2004121, title = {Classroom furniture dimensions and anthropometric measures in primary school}, journal = {Applied Ergonomics}, volume = {35}, number = {2}, pages = {121-128}, year = {2004}, issn = {0003-6870}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2003.11.002}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003687004000067}, author = {Georgia Panagiotopoulou and Kosmas Christoulas and Anthoula Papanckolaou and Konstantinos Mandroukas}, keywords = {Classroom furniture, Anthropometric measurements, Primary school students}, abstract = {The purpose of this study was to compare students’ dimensions to the dimension of school furniture, in primary school, and determine whether this type of furniture is well-designed and promotes good sitting posture at school by taking into account the dimensions of the children. A total of 180 (90 male and 90 female) students, from three primary schools in Thessaloniki, Greece, participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 7 to 12 years. The following human body dimensions were measured: stature, elbow height, shoulder height, upper arm length, knee height, popliteal height and buttock–popliteal length. In addition, the dimensions were measured for four different types of chairs and five types of desks prevalent in classrooms. Finally, the anthropometric measures of the students and the furniture dimensions were compared in order to identify any incompatibility between them. The data indicate a mismatch between the students’ bodily dimensions and the classroom furniture available to them. The chairs are too high and too deep and desks are also too high for the pupils. This situation has negative effects on the sitting posture of the children especially when reading and writing.}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{ELLEGAST2012296, title = {Comparison of four specific dynamic office chairs with a conventional office chair: Impact upon muscle activation, physical activity and posture}, journal = {Applied Ergonomics}, volume = {43}, number = {2}, pages = {296-307}, year = {2012}, note = {Special Section on Product Comfort}, issn = {0003-6870}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2011.06.005}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003687011000780}, author = {Rolf P. Ellegast and Kathrin Kraft and Liesbeth Groenesteijn and Frank Krause and Helmut Berger and Peter Vink}, keywords = {Dynamic office chairs, EMG, Posture, Physical activity, VDU/computer workplace}, abstract = {Prolonged and static sitting postures provoke physical inactivity at VDU workplaces and are therefore discussed as risk factors for the musculoskeletal system. Manufacturers have designed specific dynamic office chairs featuring structural elements which promote dynamic sitting and therefore physical activity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of four specific dynamic chairs on erector spinae and trapezius EMG, postures/joint angles and physical activity intensity (PAI) compared to those of a conventional standard office chair. All chairs were fitted with sensors for measurement of the chair parameters (backrest inclination, forward and sideward seat pan inclination), and tested in the laboratory by 10 subjects performing 7 standardized office tasks and by another 12 subjects in the field during their normal office work. Muscle activation revealed no significant differences between the specific dynamic chairs and the reference chair. Analysis of postures/joint angles and PAI revealed only a few differences between the chairs, whereas the tasks performed strongly affected the measured muscle activation, postures and kinematics. The characteristic dynamic elements of each specific chair yielded significant differences in the measured chair parameters, but these characteristics did not appear to affect the sitting dynamics of the subjects performing their office tasks.}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{article, author = {Salameh, Dana}, year = {2020}, month = {08}, pages = {4352-4358}, title = {Design and Analysis of an Ergonomic-Automated Adjustable Drafting Table}, url = {http://www.warse.org/IJATCSE/static/pdf/file/ijatcse26942020.pdf} volume = {9}, journal = {International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science and Engineering}, doi = {10.30534/ijatcse/2020/26942020}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{CHAMBERS201937, title = {The effect of sit-stand desks on office worker behavioral and health outcomes: A scoping review}, journal = {Applied Ergonomics}, volume = {78}, pages = {37-53}, year = {2019}, issn = {0003-6870}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2019.01.015}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003687019300304}, author = {April J. Chambers and Michelle M. Robertson and Nancy A. Baker}, keywords = {Sit-stand desk, Standing desk, Workplace intervention}, abstract = {This scoping review examines the effects of sit-stand desks (SSDs) on six domains: behavior (e.g. time sitting and standing), physiological, work performance, psychological, discomfort, and posture. Fifty-three articles met criteria. We determined the percentage of significant results for each domain. Forty-seven studies were experimental trials. Sample sizes ranged from six to 231 participants. Follow-up time-frames ranged from one day to one year. Sixty-one percent of behavioral (24 studies), 37% of physiological (28 studies), 7% of work performance (23 studies), 31% of psychological (11 studies), 43% of discomfort (22 studies), and 18% of posture domain results (4 studies) were significant. We conclude that SSDs effectively change behaviors, but these changes only mildly effect health outcomes. SSDs seem most effective for discomfort and least for productivity. Further study is needed to examine long-term effects, and to determine clinically appropriate dosage and workstation setup.}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @article{LUISFERREIRA2019207, title = {Smartification of Home Appliances for Safety Assessment and Risk Alert}, journal = {IFAC-PapersOnLine}, volume = {52}, number = {10}, pages = {207-211}, year = {2019}, note = {13th IFAC Workshop on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems IMS 2019}, issn = {2405-8963}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.10.065}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896319309206}, author = {Fernando Luis-Ferreira and João Sarraipa and Ricardo Goncalves}, keywords = {Manufacturing, sensors, Integration, Intelligent, positioning systems, risk, safety analysis}, abstract = {The developments in production processes are a need in times that require more efficiency, improved costumer engagement and customized smart solutions. In order to meet such criteria, the fabrication processes must be adjusted to meet those new requirements and engage in new production paradigms. Technology is now able to supply parts and processes for manufacture of new products as those emerging from the growing smartification of everything. In that sense, the present research work targets the process of smartification of furniture pieces and its associated process of fabrication. 3D printing, sensors and smart devices are all components of the smartification process that, as proposed in the present document, will support the development of new smart furniture pieces. The smartification process consists in enabling such furniture to monitor and react accordingly to human behaviour by identifying accidents or potential risks to persons at indoor facilities. The result hereby presented is a strategy to create smart home appliances that will become smarter than traditional furniture and thus become able to detect risks and react accordingly. The behaviour consists in alerting the person or someone responsible for their safety and assistance, either at home or in a care facility, to enable prompt response and promote their wellbeing.} address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{UNITEDNATIONS2018, author = {United Nations}, title = {68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN}, year = 2018, url = {https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html#:~:text=News-,68%25%20of%20the%20world%20population%20projected%20to%20live%20in,areas%20by%202050%2C%20says%20UN&text=Today%2C%2055%25%20of%20the%20world's,increase%20to%2068%25%20by%202050.&text=The%20urban%20population%20of%20the,to%204.2%20billion%20in%202018.}, urldate = {2021-03-26}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{PATRICKCOLLINSON2018, author = {Patrick Collinson}, title = {UK living rooms have shrunk by a third, survey finds}, year = 2018, url = {https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/apr/08/uk-living-rooms-have-shrunk-by-a-third-survey-finds}, urldate = {2021-03-26}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @Article{VYAS2021, author = {Lina Vyas and Nantapong Butakhieo}, journal = {Policy Design and Practice}, title = {The impact of working from home during COVID-19 on work and life domains: an exploratory study on Hong Kong}, year = {2021}, number = {1}, pages = {59-76}, volume = {4}, abstract = {AbstractThe pandemic sweeping the world, COVID-19, has rendered a large proportion of the workforce unable to commute to work, as to mitigate the spread of the virus. This has resulted in both employers and employees seeking alternative work arrangements, especially in a fast-paced metropolitan like Hong Kong. Due to the pandemic, most if not all workers experienced work from home (WFH). Hence WFH has become a policy priority for most governments. In doing so, the policies must be made keeping in mind the practicality for both employers and employees. However, this current situation provides unique insight into how well working from home works, and may play a vital role in future policies that reshape the current structure of working hours, possibly allowing for more flexibility. Using an exploratory framework and a SWOT analysis, this study investigates the continuing experience of the employer and employees face in Hong Kong. A critical insight and related recommendations have been developed for future policy decisions. It will also critically investigate if this work arrangement will remain as a transitory element responding to the exceptional circumstances, or whether it could be a permanent arrangement.}, doi = {10.1080/25741292.2020.1863560}, eprint = {https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1863560}, publisher = {Routledge}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2020.1863560}, address = "{[Accessed in March 2021]}" } @misc{JOSEMARIABARRERO2020, author = {JOSE MARIA BARRERO NICHOLAS BLOOM STEVEN J DAVIS}, title = {WHY WORKING FROM HOME WILL STICK}, year = 2020, url = {https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/wfdbe/}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/wfdbe}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @book{project_management_institute_guide_2017, address = {Newtown Square, PA}, edition = {Sixth edition}, series = {{PMBOK} guide}, title = {A guide to the project management body of knowledge / {Project} {Management} {Institute}}, isbn = {9781628251845}, abstract = {The PMBOK}, publisher = {Project Management Institute}, editor = {{Project Management Institute}}, year = {2017}, keywords = {Project management, BUSINESS \& ECONOMICS / Project Management}, } @book{10.2307/j.ctt1d2dpw4, ISBN = {9780814437360}, URL = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1d2dpw4}, abstract = {Fundamentals of Project Managementhas helped generations of project managers navigate the ins and outs of every aspect of this complex discipline. But much has changed in recent years. Fully updated in accordance with the latest version of the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®), the fifth edition of this classic text remains the perfect introduction to the subject, showing readers how to: Clarify project goals and objectives • Develop a work breakdown structure • Create a project risk plan • Produce a realistic schedule • Manage change requests • Control and evaluate progress at every stage • Lead the project team The book contains new information and expanded coverage on topics including estimating; stakeholder management; procurement management; creating a communication plan; project closure; requirements for PMP certification; and much more. Chock full of tools, techniques, examples, and instructive exercises, this up-to-the-minute guide will help you plan and execute projects on time, on budget-and with maximum efficiency.}, author = {JOSEPH HEAGNEY}, edition = {5}, publisher = {AMACOM Division of American Management Association International}, title = {Fundamentals of Project Management}, year = {2016} } @misc{ WIKIPEDIA2021, author = "{Wikipedia contributors}", title = "Our Common Future --- {Wikipedia}{,} The Free Encyclopedia", year = "2021", url = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Common_Future}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]" } @misc{ALBERTA2018, author = {University of Alberta}, title = {What is sustainability?}, year = {2018} url = {https://www.mcgill.ca/sustainability/files/sustainability/what-is-sustainability.pdf}, urldate = {2021-04-01}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @book{WALKER2006, title = "Sustainable by Design: Explorations in Theory and Practice.", author = "Stuart Walker", note = "This monograph is the result of ten years research, theoretical exploration and conceptual design in the author's principal research area - sustainability and product design. It remained for many weeks in the top 10 environmental books of Amazon.com, and on the publisher's bestsellers list, and has gone into a second printing. Through critique, reasoned argument, and reflective, propositional design, it builds the case for fundamental systemic change in our conceptions of products, production and our notions of and relationships with material culture. Its originality lies in: a) its design-centred approach whereby conceptual design is an integral and essential element of the research methodology; 'designing' is part of the research process and conceptual artefacts are essential to the ongoing critical process, rather than, more conventionally, where designed artefacts are the end result of a process, and b) the critical arguments, informed by designing, step beyond the traditional areas of concern ' such as energy and materials efficiencies and life cycle assessment to embrace social, philosophical, religious and subjective/intuitive considerations. The work is significant as it consolidates and develops the author's extensive research and scholarly publications, and it has been highly influential in leading to many keynote addresses, specifically the Donck Sessions, Rotterdam, June 2007 - three keynote talks and an evening workshop to 45 top business leaders in The Netherlands; guest consultant and book signing at 100% Design at Earl's Court, London, September 2007; a keynote addresses at Arizona State University, Octoer 2007; and a public lecture and workshop at the University of Eindhoven, Oct. 2007. This book also led to an invitation to contribute a chapter to Designers, Visionaries and Other Stories, Earthscan/James and James Science Publishers, 2007. It was reviewed in the e-journal 'Value Created Review', Canada's e-journal for contemporary furniture design and sustainable SMEs http://www.valuecreatedreview.com/news89.htm accessed: September 26th 2006 RAE_import_type : Authored book RAE_uoa_type : LICA", year = "2006", language = "English", isbn = "978-1844073535", publisher = "Earthscan / James and James Science Publishers, London", } @Article{LU2014, author = {Lu, J. and Cui, H. and Bragança, Luís and Vieira, Susana M. and Andrade, Joana B.}, journal = {The Scientific World Journal}, title = {Early Stage Design Decisions: The Way to Achieve Sustainable Buildings at Lower Costs}, year = {2014}, issn = {2356-6140}, pages = {365364}, volume = {2014}, abstract = {The construction industry attempts to produce buildings with as lower environmental impact as possible. However, construction activities still greatly affect environment; therefore, it is necessary to consider a sustainable project approach based on its performance. Sustainability is an important issue to consider in design, not only due to environmental concerns but also due to economic and social matters, promoting architectural quality and economic advantages. This paper aims to identify the phases through which a design project should be developed, emphasising the importance and ability of earlier stages to influence sustainability, performance, and life cycle cost. Then, a selection of sustainability key indicators, able to be used at the design conceptual phase and able to start predicting environmental sustainability performance of buildings is presented. The output of this paper aimed to enable designers to compare and evaluate the consequences of different design solutions, based on preliminary data, and facilitate the collaboration between stakeholders and clients and eventually yield a sustainable and high performance building throughout its life cycle.}, doi = {10.1155/2014/365364}, publisher = {Hindawi Publishing Corporation}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/365364}, } @misc{MDC2019, author = {MDC-UM}, title = {Sustainable Furniture in Modern World}, year = 2019, url = {https://mdc-um.com/how-to-find-eco-friendly-sustainable-furniture-in-the-modern-world/}, urldate = {2021-04-04}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{IKEA2020, author = {IKEA}, title = {Climate footprint from production}, year = 2020, url = {https://about.ikea.com/en/sustainability/value-chain-climate-footprint#:~:text=By%20turning%20wood%20waste%20from,energy%20for%20the%20many%20people.}, urldate = {2021-04-04}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @incollection{PECAS2019, title = {Chapter 1 - Methodology for Selection and Application of Eco-Efficiency Indicators Fostering Decision-Making and Communication at Product Level—The Case of Molds for Injection Molding}, editor = {Mangey Ram and J. {Paulo Davim}}, booktitle = {Advanced Applications in Manufacturing Enginering}, publisher = {Woodhead Publishing}, pages = {1-52}, year = {2019}, isbn = {978-0-08-102414-0}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102414-0.00001-X}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978008102414000001X}, author = {Paulo Peças and Uwe Götze and Rita Bravo and Fanny Richter and Inês Ribeiro}, keywords = {eco-efficiency, environment, indicator, injection molding, life cycle, sustainability, value}, abstract = {Eco-efficiency is a prominent as well as promising approach for fostering sustainability by assessing the environmental impact and value of companies’ activities simultaneously. A lot of indicators to assess both pillars—environmental and economic effects—are presented in different standards and guidelines. This chapter develops a methodology for selecting and applying indicators for the application of eco-efficiency to support decision-making, internal, and external communication at product level. The chapter starts with outlining the motivation and presenting a brief literature review as well as the intended contribution. Thereafter, the methodology for the stepwise selection of a manageable number of relevant and significant eco-efficiency indicators and the generation of the value and environmental profiles as well as eco-efficiency ratios of products are suggested. The methodology is developed against the background of the mold manufacturing and plastic injection molding sector. A case study referring to molds for injection molding demonstrates its application and results.} } @incollection{CUCEK2015, title = {Chapter 5 - Overview of environmental footprints}, editor = {Jiří Jaromír Klemeš}, booktitle = {Assessing and Measuring Environmental Impact and Sustainability}, publisher = {Butterworth-Heinemann}, address = {Oxford}, pages = {131-193}, year = {2015}, isbn = {978-0-12-799968-5}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-799968-5.00005-1}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780127999685000051}, author = {Lidija Čuček and Jiří Jaromír Klemeš and Zdravko Kravanja}, keywords = {Environmental footprints, Environmental indicators, Life cycle assessment, Multi-objective optimisation, Sustainable development, Total Footprints}, abstract = {With climate change and other negative environmental impacts, there is an increased interest in measuring and reducing environmental burdens. However, the question is how to measure and reduce environmental burdens. Recently, the researchers, organizations, policy-makers, and others are putting forth efforts to develop concepts and metrics measuring environmental sustainability. Among those concepts and metrics, environmental footprints are gaining increasing popularity and play an ever-increasing role in sustainability evaluation and research. Footprints have become ubiquitous for researchers, policy-makers, and the general public. Over the past years, carbon footprint has been used as an environmental protection indicator almost exclusively. Evaluations have moved to include a variety of other footprints; however, there is no generally accepted footprint or footprint family that represents the overall impact on the environment. This chapter gives an overview of environmental footprints as indicators defined to date (June 2014) that can be used to measure sustainability for environmental decision-making.} } @misc{MBN2020, author = {MBN}, title = {What is eco-efficiency?}, year = 2020, url = {https://marketbusinessnews.com/financial-glossary/eco-efficiency/}, urldate = {2021-04-04}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @incollection{ELHAGGAR2005, title = {CHAPTER 13 - Rural and Developing Country Solutions}, editor = {Franklin J. Agardy and Nelson Leonard Nemerow}, booktitle = {Environmental Solutions}, publisher = {Academic Press}, address = {Burlington}, pages = {313-400}, year = {2005}, isbn = {978-0-12-088441-4}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012088441-4/50015-0}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780120884414500150}, author = {Salah M. {El Haggar}}, abstract = {Publisher Summary This chapter discusses some environmental solutions for rural communities and developing countries. Most of the countries (developed and developing countries) are working toward zero pollution not only in industrial sectors but also in vehicle emissions to reduce the gaseous emissions to the allowable limits, as well as other sectors such as construction sector and agricultural sector. To approach zero pollution, the industry has to prevent all pollutants from its effluent. One of the major problems facing developing countries is the cost of environmental protection and its return. The current practice of agricultural waste, municipal solid waste, industrial waste, municipal waste water, etc., can be considered disastrous all over rural communities and developing countries. Thus, any solution should suit the rural communities and developing countries, and should include the economical benefits, technological availability, and environmental and social perspectives, to become sustainable. The environmental and health impacts of landfill and incineration are becoming more dangerous and disaster for developing countries and rural communities. Establishing industrial ecology within the industrial activity will avoid landfill, incineration, and treatment; can help in full utilization of raw material; and consider the waste as a by-product.} } @incollection{GENT2017, title = {Chapter Eight - Environmental Considerations of Torrefaction}, editor = {Stephen Gent and Michael Twedt and Christina Gerometta and Evan Almberg}, booktitle = {Theoretical and Applied Aspects of Biomass Torrefaction}, publisher = {Butterworth-Heinemann}, pages = {185-202}, year = {2017}, isbn = {978-0-12-809483-9}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809483-9.00008-7}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128094839000087}, author = {Stephen Gent and Michael Twedt and Christina Gerometta and Evan Almberg}, keywords = {Torrefaction, Environmental implication, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), Torrefied biomass, Emission, Sustainability, Risk assessment}, abstract = {When considering any new technology, one must be cognizant of the environmental implications of the technology once it is implemented. This is especially important when pursuing technologies that can cause a paradigm shift in producing energy and other products. If we explore the history of game-changing technologies that have impacted the manner in which societies live, work, and transport themselves, they all have had positive and negative consequences. Examples of technologies that caused significant paradigm shifts include motorized transportation, globalized manufacturing, resource mining and harvesting, computing and communication, among others.} } @misc{ProjectTeam, author = {Invensis Learning}, title = {What is a Project Team and who all are Involved?}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.invensislearning.com/articles/pmp/what-is-a-project-team-and-who-all-are-involved}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{KARBASSI2020, author = {Lila Karbassi}, title = {Social Sustainability}, year = {2020}, url = {https://unglobalcompact.org/what-is-gc/our-work/social}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{GRANT2020, author = {Mitchell Grant}, title = {Sustainability}, year = {2020}, url = {https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/sustainability.asp}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{BENNETZEN2020, author = {Martin V Bennetzen}, title = {The Positive Impact of Sustainability on Business, Financial Performance and Resiliency}, year = {2020}, url = {https://www.capgemini.com/no-no/2020/10/the-positive-impact-of-sustainability-on-business-financial-performance-and-resiliency/}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{Procurement, author = {Project Cubicle}, title = {Project Procurement Management: Best Practices}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.projectcubicle.com/project-procurement-management/}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{CRANK1, author = {Risailsystems}, title = {Crank mechanism}, url = {https://www.risailsystems.com/table-hardware}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{LIFTUP1, author = {Visittherockler}, title = {Lift-up mechanism}, url = {https://www.amazon.com/Rockler-Lift-Up-Table-Mechanism/dp/B001DSZSW8}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{DIY1, author = {David}, title = {Automatic sliding mechanism}, url = {https://www.davidgunter.com/2020/07/23/diy-electric-standing-desk/}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{FOLD1, author = {Yoyo Wang}, title = {Automatic sliding mechanism}, url = {https://specialltcindustrial.en.made-in-china.com/product/zNfmuAKlXyWS/China-Black-Lift-up-Modern-Coffee-Table-Desk-Mechanism-Hardware-Fitting-Furniture-Hinge.html}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{SCISSORS1, author = {Muthu Arunachalam}, title = {Scissors lifting mechanism}, url = {https://engineering.stackexchange.com/questions/23001/linear-actuator-on-a-scissor-lifting-table}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{INFINITI1, author = {Infiniti}, title = {Vector drafting table}, url = {https://www.imod.in/products/university-vector-drafting-table/}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{REXART1, author = {Rex Art}, title = {Drafting table}, url = {https://www.rexart.com/product20742.html}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{ALINDA1, author = {Alinda}, title = {Technical drawing table}, url = {https://alindashop.ro/masa-pentru-desen-tehnic-cu-planseta-din-sticla}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{stakeholders, author = {Strategy Management Consulting}, title = {5 Steps to Stakeholder Engagement in Your Strategic Plan}, url = {https://www.smestrategy.net/blog/stakeholder-engagement-in-your-strategic-plan-pt-1}, year = {2015}, urldate = {2021-04-15}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @article{COVIDLIFESTYLE2021, author = {Barone Gibbs, B and Kline, C E and Huber, K A and Paley, J L and Perera, S}, title = "{Covid-19 shelter-at-home and work, lifestyle and well-being in desk workers}", journal = {Occupational Medicine}, volume = {71}, number = {2}, pages = {86-94}, year = {2021}, month = {02}, issn = {0962-7480}, doi = {10.1093/occmed/kqab011}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqab011}, eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/occmed/article-pdf/71/2/86/37006967/kqab011.pdf}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{BBC2021, author = {Philippa Fogarty, Simon Frantz, Javier Hirschfeld, Sarah Keating, Emmanuel Lafont, Bryan Lufkin, Rachel Mishael, Visvak Ponnavolu, Maddy Savage and Meredith Turits}, title = {Coronavirus: How the world of work may change forever}, url = {https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20201023-coronavirus-how-will-the-pandemic-change-the-way-we-work}, year = {2020}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{KNIGHT2019, author = {Magda Knight}, title = {Remote working from home? A standing desk might help your health and productivity.}, url = {https://www.changeboard.com/article-details/16949/remote-working-from-home-a-standing-desk-might-help-your-health-and-productivity-/}, year = {2019}, urldate = {2021-04-14}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{NSPE2019, author = {National Society of Professional Engineers}, title = {NSPE Code of Ethics for Engineers}, url = {https://www.nspe.org/resources/ethics/code-ethics}, year = {2019}, urldate = {2021-04-17}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{ACSE2008, author = {ASCE}, title = {THE SEVEN FUNDAMENTAL CANONS OF ASCE’S CODE OF ETHICS}, url = {https://www.asce.org/question-of-ethics-articles/apr-2008/}, year = {2008}, urldate = {2021-04-17}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{LAMARCO2018, author = {Nicky LaMarco}, title = {Ethical Practices in Sales & Marketing}, url = {https://smallbusiness.chron.com/ethical-practices-sales-marketing-64319.html}, year = {2018}, urldate = {2021-04-17}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{RINKESH2019, author = {Rinkesh}, title = {What are Environmental Ethics?}, url = {https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/environmental-ethics.php}, year = {2019}, urldate = {2021-04-17}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{STUDIOWIDE1, author = {Studiowide}, title = {Micro marketing environment}, url = {https://www.studiowide.co.uk/marketing-environment-micro/}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{EC2019, author = {European Comission}, title = {Machinery}, url = {https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/mechanical-engineering/machinery/}, year = {2019}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{EC2014, author = {European Comission}, title = {Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive}, url = {https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/electrical-engineering/emc-directive/}, year = {2014}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{ECLVD2014, author = {European Comission}, title = {The Low Voltage Directive (LVD)}, url = {https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/electrical-engineering/lvd-directive/}, year = {2014}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{ECRED2014, author = {European Comission}, title = {Radio Equipment Directive (RED)}, url = {https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/electrical-engineering/red-directive_en}, year = {2014}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{EC2011, author = {European Comission}, title = {Restriction of Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment (RoHS)}, url = {https://ec.europa.eu/environment/topics/waste-and-recycling/rohs-directive_en}, year = {2011}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{STRATECHI1, author = {Stratechi}, title = {Pestle analysis model}, url = {https://www.stratechi.com/pestle-analysis/}, urldate = {2021-04-18}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{UHURU1, author = {Uhurunetwork}, title = {Marketing objectives}, url = {https://uhurunetwork.com/marketing-objectives/}, urldate = {2021-04-19}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{AMA1, author = {AMA}, title = {Branding}, url = {https://www.ama.org/topics/branding/}, urldate = {2021-04-19}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{WIKIPEDIA2021, author = {Wikipedia}, title = {Engineerd wood}, url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineered_wood}, urldate = {2021-04-25}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{URBANCONCEPTS2020, author = {Urban Concepts}, title = {Types of manufactured woods}, url = {https://www.urbanconcepts.ph/blog/types-manufactured-wood/}, year = {2020}, urldate = {2021-04-25}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{KITCHENCABINETS2021, author = {Kitchen Cabinet Kings}, title = {What is solid wood?}, url = {https://kitchencabinetkings.com/glossary/solid-wood/?__cf_chl_jschl_tk__=84e3e208c393bd9aff0bd295aa83ed5b2efa4f41-1619625001-0-Ad6PrtcZvCZuWzNFumvrdalOdxU89Icri6olHXkE7TidlYxrJSsRE2fwGISzcsjpiwxLtcTG_n8D2Cj5BucdGjM7KiQzIQYj9gsK2OMNRh6dKTdKW_doWpUNbSd85j6gHKjp3WqzjH0GB6rI06KJAiigMcg4Jghsrnx7mmb8blzl3_8226Vo5xu8bV_XHg5otFLB5rJ1Hb4IjhrPfDMO_fF0o6Ysy0SAbAp80skfQWUbKTsHMbwKTvIn9xMZ5Knk3RiNCK3E05pdC9louYbs_hLbvwlvI7F7q7gphoZeCbEZhu2p9fqqGKQxBg3v90qgO7k2t8BqhTBnDec-5mJAGa_UIK99dIpAoT8yO4-FH9qp90kOSgmIA6qQe4QjabGwr85FDUH0EGBz2fjueKDgP81XK8OTdHF6VN6zkMr_rc9eouP9S1tkrbTphDTddmW2KrIaENVINaHkce2d5y-hg10x1HtQxjRDfp8ogQBnMOOF}, urldate = {2021-04-25}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{METAL2021, author = {Wikipedia contributors}, title = {Metal furniture}, url = {https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_furniture}, urldate = {2021-04-25}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{PROPOSITION65, author = {Proposition 65}, title = {Formaldehyde in Furniture Products}, url = {https://www.p65warnings.ca.gov/fact-sheets/formaldehyde-furniture-products#:~:text=Formaldehyde%20is%20used%20in%20making,used%20to%20manufacture%20wood%20furniture.}, urldate = {2021-04-25}, address = "{[Accessed in April 2021]}" } @misc{KOVALICK2014, author = { Bill Kovalick}, title = {Eco-Friendly Wood Finishes}, url = { https://woodbin.com/doc/eco-friendly-wood-finishes/}, year = {2014}, urldate = {2021-05-02}, address = "{[Accessed in May 2021]}" } @misc{BLOCH2011, author = { Michael Bloch}, title = {An introduction to wood certifications}, url = { https://www.greenlivingtips.com/articles/what-is-certified-wood.html }, year = {2011}, urldate = {2021-05-02}, address = "{[Accessed in May 2021]}" } @misc{PEFC2021, author = { PEFC}, title = {What is PEFC}, url = { https://www.pefc.org/discover-pefc/what-is-pefc}, year = {2021}, urldate = {2021-05-02}, address = "{[Accessed in May 2021]}" } @misc{Thinah Moyo, 2012, author = {Thinah Moyo}, title = {Status of Agricultural and Rural Finance in Zimbabwe}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/figure/illustrates-the-relationship-between-the-macro-meso-and-micro-level-influencers-on_fig3_319037565}, urldate = {2021-05-23}, address = "{[Accessed in May 2021]}" }
